Common psycho-social Stressors and stressful life events in conversion disorders subjects of KPK Pakistan

Evaluating the frequency of major Psycho-social stressors and stressful life events in conversion disorders subjects of Khyber Pakhtun khwa, Pakistan. A descriptive study. This study was cbnducted in the King Abdullah teaching hospital Mansehra from September 2013 to September 2014. The sample size consists of total 112 patients with 87 in-patient and 25 out- patients [74 females and 38 males] with conversion disorder. Interviews were conducted with open and close ended questions and results were analyzed from the questionnaire. The Social Readjustment Rating Scale [SRRS] and presumptive stressful life events scale [PSLES] were administered during the interview to evaluate the major psycho-socizl stressors and life events in past 12 month. we identified fifteen [15] different Psycho-social stressors and stressful life events in conversion disorders, in all subjects at least one stressor being clearly identified. Among the patients there were [46.7 %] social and family stressors, [18%] work, [10%] broken marriage and love affairs, [7%] health, [6.3%] Berveament, [6%] Finance, marital and sexual [3%], [2%] health, and [1%] legal. we conclude that all patients that were included in our sample size were having at least one psychosocial stressor and stressful life event. Female patients prevails more compared to male patients

Periodontal health status of patients attending Isra dental college OPD using CPI index

To assess the periodontal health status among patients attending Dental OPD of Isra dental college Isra University Hyderabad. To predict for planning of periodontal care programmes for population attending Dental OPD of Isra dental college Isra University Hyderabad. Cross sectional study. This study was carried out in dental OPD of Isra dental college Isra University Hyderabad. Duration of study was six months. The study was conducted on 500 subjects. For the assessment of the periodontal status of a population visiting OPD of Isra Dental College, CPITN recording were made for patients visiting within 6 months and selected at random without consideration of sex, religion, education, socioeconomic condition and systemic health at filtration clinic of OPD. The subjects were examined by a single examiner with the help of a plane mouth mirror and CPITN Probe. The index teeth were selected for examination. A total of 500 subjects were surveyed in the study who visited filtration clinic of Dental opd of Isra dental college out of them 190 [38%] were female and 310 [62%] were males [fig 1]. [Fig.2] showed the percentage of CPITN code 1 was highest [54.8%] which shows bleeding gums, followed by the percentage of code 2 [27.2%] which represents the presence of supra and sub gingival calculus. The percentage of code 3 was found to be 8% denoted by presence of periodontitis having pathological pocket depth of 4 to 5 mm. About 10% patients were found having healthy periodontal tissues. Using the research results, a greater effort can be made in providing periodontal health to the population of at or around the city of Hyderabad. Systemic diseases and environmental or genetic risk factors were not included in this study. A further broad scale study is needed to measure an accurate prevalence of periodontal diseases among the patients of at or around city of Hyderabad

Socio demographics of drug dependents

Objective: The study was designed to examine the split up of social and demographic variables of drug dependent patients approaching the hospital for treatment so that the risk factors may be determined

Study design: cross sectional study

Place and duration of study: The study was conducted indoor patients Drug Abuse Treatment Center of Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad from Jan-2007 to July-2008

Method: 588 patients dependent on different drugs participated in this study through purposive convenient sampling technique. Personal, Social, and Demographic variables were recorded on a demographic sheet. The results were obtained by using SPSS 17

Results: Descriptive statistics show that out of 588, 584 patients [99.2%] were males, 64.8% were between 20 to 35 years of age. 360 [61.1%] were married, while 451 [76.6%] lived in their own houses. 374 patients [83.7%] belonged to the lower or lower middle socio economic status, 242 patients [41.1%] were illiterate, 125 patients [21.2%] had primary level education, and 102 [17.3%] had middle level education. 283 [48.1%] patients were laborers [half were skilled] while 100 patients [17%] were unemployed. 410 patients [69.6%] used heroin, 259 [44%] used cannabis, while 162 [27.5%] patients were poly drug abusers. 430 [74%] patients told peer pressures to be the reason of first drug abuse

Conclusion: As illiteracy, low education, unemployment, labor as profession, and peer pressure are the key features of drug abusers so parents, health professionals, and policy makers should take these as risk factors and focus upon these population segments to spread awareness and take measures of control

Psychiatric co morbidity in medical patients

To assess the rate of anxiety and depression in the patients suffering from various medical diseases. Cross sectional study. The study was conducted in District Headquarter Hospital and Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from 2005 to 2007. Participants were inducted in the study through purposive convenient sampling technique, 339 patients of cardiac, cancer, hepatic, and dermatological diseases from both the above mentioned hospitals participated in this study. Co morbidity of psychiatric disorders was screened out with the help of DSM IV TR's criteria for depression and generalized anxiety. Anxiety [n=32, 9.43%] was the major diagnosis in age group 40-49 and depression [n=31, 9.14%] in age group 50-59. All the diagnosis i.e., anxiety [n=30, 8.84%], depression [n=51, 15.04%] and both anxiety and depression [n=25, 7.37%] were common in illiterate patients. Anxiety [n=37, 10.91%] and depression [n=57, 16.81%] was found more in housewives. All the diagnosis i.e., anxiety [n=77, 22.71%], depression [n=93, 27.43%] and both anxiety and depression [n=45, 13.27%] were common in married patients. Anxiety [n=54, 15.92%] was common in hepatic patients and cardiac patients were having highest share of depression [n=51, 15.04%] and both anxiety and depression [n=32, 9.43%]. Most cardiac patients were depressed; most hepatic patients were anxious; almost half of cancer patients were both anxious and depressed; while majority of dermatological were having no psychiatric illness

Determinants and pattern of postpartum psychological disorders in Hazara division of Pakistan

The risk of psychological disorders in women increases during the postpartum period. The major forms of these disorders are post partum psychoses and post partal depression. This study was designed to evaluate the presentation and sociodemographic characteristics of postpartal psychological disorders at Hazara division of Pakistan. This study was carried out over a period of three years at three major cities of Hazara, Pakistan. One psychiatry clinic in each of these cities was selected and record of all the psychiatric patients was kept. All the patients presenting with post partal disorders were included in the study. A proforma was used to collect information about a wide variety of sociodemographic variables and presentation of disease. Frequencies were calculated for different variables. 8.66% [1248] out of 14,400 patients of psychiatric disorders presented with post partal disorders. 60% out of these 1248 had post partal psychoses while the rest had post partal depression. The majority of our patients with post partal depression were young [20-31years], illiterate [80%], having past history of psychoses/depression [70%], house wives [95%], from rural areas [65%], highly religious [60%], poor [90%], with husband away for job etc. [70%], primipara [80%] and with a live baby born [70%]. A number of stressors were identified in 65% of subjects. Conclusions: There is a predictable set of risk factors for post partal psychological disorders in the population of Hazara. Proper identification of these risk factors during antenatal period with collaboration of obstetrician and psychiatrist can reduce the morbidity associated with this group of disorders

Study of symptomatology of conversion disorder in patients reporting at Ayub teaching hospital

The symptomotology of conversion disorder differs from population to population depending upon the local taboos and rituals. This study was carried out to look for the commonest presenting symptoms of conversion disorder in the patients attending psychiatry unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital. No such study was done here in the past. 100 consecutive patients of either sex, presenting with Conversion disorder in the Psychiatry Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, were included in the study. The diagnosis was made observing criteria set by DSM-IV for diagnosis of conversion disorder. 35% patients reported with Pseudoseizures, 16% with Paralysis, 12% with Tremor, 8% with Aphonia, 6% each with Gait disorders and Difficulty in swallowing, 5% each with Mutism and Headache/Pain, 4% with Blindness and 3% with Anaesthesia. Conclusions: The results and their comparison with contemporary studies reflect that presenting symptoms of conversion disorder are significantly different from elsewhere